What structures does the internal thoracic artery supply?
The internal thoracic artery functions to supply the anterior chest wall, from the clavicle to the umbilicus. This area of supply also includes supply to the sternum and breasts.
Where is the internal thoracic artery situated?
The internal thoracic artery supplies the anterior body wall from clavicle to umbilicus including the sternum and the breasts. In addition, via the pericardiophrenic artery it supplies the mediastinum, thymus, phrenic nerves and pericardium.
How many internal thoracic arteries are there?
two internal thoracic arteries
Here are the two internal thoracic arteries. After passing behind the first rib, which is here, each one runs down the inside of the chest wall, just lateral to the sternum, in front of the transversus thoracis muscle. Its branches supply the anterior chest wall.
How many internal thoracic veins are there?
There is either one or two internal thoracic veins accompanying the corresponding artery (internal thoracic artery). If internal thoracic vein is single, it usually runs medial to the artery. If there are double thoracic veins, they run on either side of the internal thoracic artery.
Where does the internal thoracic vein drain into?
The internal thoracic veins (ITVs) are small paired vessels located on the ventral surface of the thoracic cavity that drain the ventro-cranial abdominal wall, the ventro-lateral thoracic wall, the diaphragm and part of the mediastinum, conveying blood from these regions into the cranial vena cava.
Why is the internal thoracic artery used as a graft?
Its survival and patency rates are much better as compared to venous and even other arterial grafts. Hence the IMA graft is considered to be the first choice conduit and the gold standard for coronary artery bypass graft.
What is the first branch of internal thoracic artery?
Pericardiacophrenic artery: arises at the first costal cartilage and descends, on both sides, along with the phrenic nerve till the diaphragm and supplies the pericardium and pleura.
Why is internal thoracic artery used for bypass?
Introduction. The internal thoracic artery (ITA), namely, the left ITA (LITA), is arguably the most vital conduit for the conduct of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) due to its superior long-term patency and mortality benefit.
What are 2 terminal branches of internal thoracic artery?
The internal thoracic artery terminates at the level of the sixth rib or the sixth intercostal space, dividing into two terminal branches: the musculophrenic and superior epigastric arteries.
What veins are used in CABG?
Coronary artery bypass graft surgery usually lasts 3 to 6 hours. But it may take longer depending on how many blood vessels are being attached. Blood vessels can be taken from your leg (saphenous vein), inside your chest (internal mammary artery), or your arm (radial artery).
What is the origin of the internal thoracic vein?
The internal thoracic vein arises from the superior epigastric vein. It forms venae comitantes to the internal thoracic artery and accompanies it in its course, before uniting to form a single vein 1. After uniting, each internal thoracic vein drains into its respective brachiocephalic vein 2.
What is the function of internal thoracic vein?
The internal thoracic venous system drains the ventro-cranial abdominal wall, the ventro-lateral thoracic wall, the diaphragm and part of the mediastinum, conveying the deoxygenated blood from these regions into the CrVC.
What two veins form the internal thoracic vein?
Which incision is used for CABG?
The usual incision for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a midline sternotomy (see the image below), although an anterior thoracotomy for bypass of the left anterior descending (LAD) artery or a lateral thoracotomy for marginal vessels may be used when an off-pump procedure is being performed.
Where does the internal thoracic vein come from?
What are the key facts about the internal thoracic artery?
Key facts about the internal thoracic artery Origin Subclavian artery Branches Anterior collaterals: Anterior intercost Supply Skin and muscles of the anterior aspect
Where does the internal thoracic artery terminate?
The internal thoracic artery terminates at the level of the sixth rib or the sixth intercostal space, dividing into two terminal branches: the musculophrenic and superior epigastric arteries. The musculophrenic artery runs in an inferolateral direction, terminating before reaching the last intercostal space.
What is the thoracic artery used for?
Use in bypass grafts[edit] The internal thoracic artery is the cardiac surgeon’sblood vesselof choice for coronary artery bypass grafting.
Where is the internal thoracic vein located?
It is accompanied by the internal thoracic vein. It runs deep to the abdominal external oblique muscle, but superficial to the vagus nerve. Branches[edit]